body {
    font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
    background: #fff;
    color: #1a1a1a;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, nav, .section-title, .sans {
    font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
}

.section-title {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding-bottom: .3rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #b91c1c;
    color: #b91c1c;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: .08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.double-divider {
    height: 1px;
    margin: 2rem 0;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(185,28,28,.72), rgba(255,196,37,.75), rgba(26,26,26,.12));
}

.justify-news { text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-word; }

.paper-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: contain;
    background: #fff;
}

.news-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(210px, 32%) 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
    border-top: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
    .news-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1rem; }
}

/* Modern narrative homepage */
:root {
    --ink: #111827;
    --navy: #08141f;
    --navy-soft: #102332;
    --paper: #f6f5f1;
    --yellow: #ffd400;
    --red: #9f272a;
    --muted: #667085;
    --line: #dcdedb;
    --font-sans: Inter, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
}

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; background: #fff; }

/* Reliable cross-page transitions, including browsers without View Transitions. */
html.js-enabled body {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(10px);
    transition: opacity .46s ease, transform .46s cubic-bezier(.22,.75,.25,1);
}

html.js-enabled body.page-ready {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
}

html.js-enabled body.page-leaving {
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    transition-duration: .3s;
}

.home-page {
    margin: 0;
    background: #fff;
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

/* Clear, consistent typography across the complete site. */
.home-page * {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    font-family: var(--font-sans) !important;
}

body.home-page h1,
body.home-page h2,
body.home-page h3 {
    letter-spacing: -.025em;
}
.site-container { width: min(1320px, calc(100% - 96px)); margin: 0 auto; }

.site-header {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 100;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,.94);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,24,39,.1);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
}

.nav-shell { min-height: 82px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 32px; }
.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 13px; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.brand-mark { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 43px; height: 43px; background: var(--yellow); font-size: 14px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: -.03em; }
.brand strong { display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
.brand small { display: block; margin-top: 5px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 9px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.main-nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 27px; font-family: inherit; }
.main-nav a { position: relative; padding: 30px 0 27px; color: #344054; text-decoration: none; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .11em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.main-nav a::after { content: ""; position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 22px; left: 0; height: 2px; background: var(--red); transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: right; transition: transform .3s ease; }
.main-nav a:hover::after, .main-nav a.active::after { transform: scaleX(1); transform-origin: left; }
.main-nav a.active { color: var(--red); }

.mission-hero { position: relative; min-height: calc(100vh - 82px); overflow: hidden; background: var(--navy); color: #fff; }
.hero-grid { position: relative; z-index: 2; min-height: calc(100vh - 82px); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.08fr .92fr; gap: clamp(42px, 7vw, 112px); align-items: center; padding-top: 70px; padding-bottom: 100px; }
.hero-copy { max-width: 770px; }
.eyebrow { margin: 0 0 18px; color: var(--red); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.eyebrow.light { color: var(--yellow); }
.hero-copy h1 { margin: 0; color: #fff; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: clamp(48px, 5.2vw, 82px); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: .98; }
.hero-copy h1 em { color: var(--yellow); font-style: normal; }
.hero-intro { max-width: 690px; margin: 30px 0 0; color: #c7d0d8; font-size: clamp(16px, 1.4vw, 20px); line-height: 1.7; }
.hero-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 30px; margin-top: 38px; }
.button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-height: 50px; padding: 0 24px; border: 1px solid transparent; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; transition: transform .25s ease, background .25s ease, color .25s ease; }
.button:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }
.button-yellow { background: var(--yellow); }
.button-yellow:hover { background: #ffe34c; }
.button-outline { border-color: var(--ink); background: transparent; }
.button-outline:hover { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; }
.text-link, .arrow-link { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; }
.text-link span, .arrow-link span { display: inline-block; margin-left: 5px; transition: transform .25s ease; }
.text-link:hover span, .arrow-link:hover span { transform: translate(3px,-3px); }
.light-link { color: #fff; }
.hero-pillars { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 9px; margin-top: 44px; }
.hero-pillars span { padding: 8px 12px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18); border-radius: 999px; color: #ccd5dc; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .04em; }
.hero-visual { position: relative; min-height: 600px; }
.hero-figure { position: absolute; margin: 0; overflow: hidden; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 24px 70px rgba(0,0,0,.35); }
.hero-figure img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; }
.hero-figure-main { top: 4%; right: 0; width: 74%; height: 68%; transform: rotate(2deg); }
.hero-figure-small { bottom: 5%; left: 0; width: 50%; height: 42%; transform: rotate(-4deg); border: 8px solid #fff; }
.hero-note { position: absolute; right: 3%; bottom: 5%; width: 42%; padding: 22px; background: var(--yellow); color: var(--ink); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.35; transform: rotate(1deg); }
.hero-note span { display: block; margin-bottom: 8px; font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, sans-serif; font-size: 9px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.hero-glow { position: absolute; border-radius: 50%; filter: blur(1px); pointer-events: none; }
.hero-glow-one { width: 520px; height: 520px; right: -160px; top: -160px; background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(159,39,42,.28), transparent 68%); }
.hero-glow-two { width: 600px; height: 600px; left: 25%; bottom: -430px; background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255,212,0,.12), transparent 65%); }
.scroll-cue { position: absolute; z-index: 3; right: 32px; bottom: 27px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; color: #bdc7cf; text-decoration: none; font-size: 9px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; transform: rotate(90deg); transform-origin: right center; }
.scroll-cue i { width: 42px; height: 1px; background: var(--yellow); }

.section-block { padding: clamp(85px, 9vw, 145px) 0; }
.section-heading-row { display: flex; align-items: flex-end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 34px; margin-bottom: 54px; }
.section-heading-row h2, .pi-copy h1, .pi-copy h2, .join-grid h2 { margin: 0; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: clamp(42px, 4.5vw, 68px); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.04em; line-height: 1; }
.section-heading-copy { max-width: 470px; margin: 0; color: #b9c4cc; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7; }

.latest-section { background: var(--paper); }
.modern-news-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
.modern-news-card { overflow: hidden; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e0e1dd; transition: transform .3s ease, box-shadow .3s ease; }
.modern-news-card:hover { transform: translateY(-7px); box-shadow: 0 22px 45px rgba(17,24,39,.11); }
.news-image { display: block; height: 240px; padding: 18px; overflow: hidden; background: #fafafa; }
.news-image img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; transition: transform .55s ease; }
.modern-news-card:hover .news-image img { transform: scale(1.035); }
.news-content { padding: 28px; }
.card-meta { margin: 0 0 13px; color: var(--red); font-size: 9px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .13em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.news-content h3 { margin: 0; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.25; letter-spacing: -.025em; }
.news-content > p:not(.card-meta) { margin: 16px 0 22px; color: var(--muted); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.65; }

.pi-section { background: #fff; }
.pi-modern-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(300px, .75fr) 1.25fr; gap: clamp(50px, 8vw, 130px); align-items: center; }
.pi-photo-wrap { position: relative; max-width: 500px; padding: 22px 22px 0; background: var(--yellow); }
.pi-photo-wrap img { display: block; width: 100%; max-height: 620px; object-fit: cover; object-position: top; }
.image-label { position: absolute; z-index: 2; left: -24px; bottom: 40px; padding: 10px 14px; background: var(--navy); color: #fff; font-size: 9px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .15em; text-transform: uppercase; transform: rotate(-90deg); transform-origin: left bottom; }
.pi-copy { max-width: 700px; }
.pi-copy .pi-lead { margin: 30px 0 18px; color: #263746; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: clamp(19px, 2vw, 25px); line-height: 1.55; }
.pi-copy > p:not(.eyebrow):not(.pi-lead) { color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; }
.profile-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 22px; margin-top: 30px; }
.profile-links a { color: var(--red); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .08em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; }

.research-home { background: var(--navy); color: #fff; }
.research-home .section-heading-row h1, .research-home .section-heading-row h2 { margin: 0; color: #fff; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: clamp(42px, 4.5vw, 68px); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.04em; line-height: 1; }
.research-hover-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
.research-hover-card { position: relative; height: 560px; overflow: hidden; background: #fff; color: #fff; text-decoration: none; }
.research-hover-card img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; transition: transform .65s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1), filter .45s ease; }
.research-card-shade { position: absolute; inset: 0; background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(8,20,31,.05) 20%, rgba(8,20,31,.92) 100%); transition: background .4s ease; }
.research-number { position: absolute; top: 25px; right: 25px; display: grid; place-items: center; width: 40px; height: 40px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.55); border-radius: 50%; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 800; }
.research-card-copy { position: absolute; right: 34px; bottom: 32px; left: 34px; transform: translateY(82px); transition: transform .45s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1); }
.research-card-copy h2, .research-card-copy h3 { margin: 0 0 16px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: clamp(30px, 3vw, 43px); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.035em; line-height: 1; }
.research-card-copy p { min-height: 61px; margin: 0 0 22px; opacity: 0; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6; transition: opacity .35s ease; }
.research-card-copy span { color: var(--yellow); opacity: 0; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase; transition: opacity .35s ease; }
.research-hover-card:hover img { transform: scale(1.07); filter: saturate(1.15); }
.research-hover-card:hover .research-card-shade { background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(8,20,31,.18), rgba(8,20,31,.97)); }
.research-hover-card:hover .research-card-copy { transform: translateY(0); }
.research-hover-card:hover .research-card-copy p, .research-hover-card:hover .research-card-copy span { opacity: 1; }

.publications-home { background: #fff; }
.featured-pub-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.featured-pub { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr 45px; gap: 34px; align-items: center; min-height: 150px; padding: 28px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; transition: background .25s ease, padding .25s ease; }
.featured-pub:hover { padding-right: 22px; padding-left: 22px; background: var(--paper); }
.pub-year { color: var(--red); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.featured-pub p { margin: 0 0 8px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 9px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .13em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.featured-pub h3 { margin: 0; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: clamp(20px, 2.2vw, 29px); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; }
.pub-arrow { justify-self: end; font-size: 21px; transition: transform .25s ease; }
.featured-pub:hover .pub-arrow { transform: translate(4px,-4px); }

.people-home { background: var(--paper); }
.student-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 22px; }
.student-card { margin: 0; }
.student-photo-placeholder { position: relative; aspect-ratio: 4 / 4.7; display: grid; place-items: center; overflow: hidden; background: linear-gradient(145deg, #d9dde0, #eef0ef); }
.student-photo-placeholder::before { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 62%; aspect-ratio: 1; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,255,255,.55); }
.student-photo-placeholder strong { position: relative; z-index: 1; color: #73808a; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: clamp(44px, 5vw, 70px); font-weight: 400; }
.student-photo-placeholder span { position: absolute; z-index: 2; right: 14px; bottom: 14px; padding: 7px 9px; background: var(--navy); color: #fff; font-size: 8px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.student-card h3 { margin: 18px 0 5px; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: -.015em; }
.student-card p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; }

.join-banner { padding: clamp(85px, 9vw, 140px) 0; background: var(--red); color: #fff; }
.join-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr .8fr; gap: 100px; align-items: center; }
.join-grid h2 { color: #fff; font-size: clamp(50px, 6vw, 88px); }
.join-grid > div:last-child p { margin: 0 0 30px; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.65; }
.modern-footer { padding: 64px 0; background: #050d14; color: #fff; }
.footer-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr .5fr; gap: 60px; }
.footer-grid strong { font-size: 15px; }
.footer-grid p { margin: 12px 0 0; color: #9aa7b1; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.7; }
.footer-grid a { color: #fff; text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; }
.footer-links { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
.scroll-target { scroll-margin-top: 110px; }

.js-enabled .reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(36px); transition: opacity .75s ease, transform .75s ease; }
.js-enabled .reveal.is-visible { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }

/* Layered homepage reveals: headings lead, then content follows in sequence. */
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    transition: none;
}

.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal .section-heading-row,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal .pi-photo-wrap,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal .pi-copy,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal .news-text-item,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal .research-hover-card,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal .featured-pub-card,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal .student-card,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal .join-grid > * {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(34px);
    transition: opacity .85s ease, transform .85s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1);
}

.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .section-heading-row,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .pi-photo-wrap,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .pi-copy,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .news-text-item,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .research-hover-card,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .featured-pub-card,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .student-card,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .join-grid > * {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .pi-copy,
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .section-heading-row + * { transition-delay: .12s; }
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .news-text-item:nth-child(2),
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .research-hover-card:nth-child(2),
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .featured-pub-card:nth-child(2),
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .student-card:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: .13s; }
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .news-text-item:nth-child(3),
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .research-hover-card:nth-child(3),
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .featured-pub-card:nth-child(3),
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .student-card:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: .25s; }
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .student-card:nth-child(4),
.js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal.is-visible .join-grid > *:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: .37s; }

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
    .site-container { width: min(100% - 48px, 1320px); }
    .hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-top: 85px; }
    .hero-copy { max-width: 850px; }
    .hero-visual { min-height: 500px; width: min(700px, 100%); margin: 0 auto; }
    .modern-news-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
    .feature-news { grid-column: span 2; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.05fr .95fr; }
    .feature-news .news-image { height: 100%; min-height: 330px; }
    .research-hover-card { height: 480px; }
    .student-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); row-gap: 42px; }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
    .site-container { width: calc(100% - 36px); }
    .site-header { position: relative; }
    .nav-shell { min-height: auto; padding: 16px 0 11px; align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }
    .brand-mark { width: 38px; height: 38px; }
    .main-nav { width: 100%; gap: 20px; overflow-x: auto; }
    .main-nav a { padding: 10px 0 12px; font-size: 9px; }
    .main-nav a::after { bottom: 7px; }
    .mission-hero, .hero-grid { min-height: auto; }
    .hero-grid { padding-top: 68px; padding-bottom: 110px; gap: 52px; }
    .hero-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(43px, 13vw, 62px); }
    .hero-intro { font-size: 16px; }
    .hero-actions { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 22px; }
    .hero-pillars { margin-top: 34px; }
    .hero-visual { min-height: 390px; }
    .hero-figure-main { width: 78%; height: 64%; }
    .hero-figure-small { width: 52%; height: 43%; }
    .hero-note { width: 51%; padding: 15px; font-size: 13px; }
    .scroll-cue { display: none; }
    .section-block { padding: 78px 0; }
    .section-heading-row { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; margin-bottom: 38px; }
    .section-heading-row h1, .section-heading-row h2, .pi-copy h1, .pi-copy h2 { font-size: 44px; }
    .modern-news-grid, .feature-news { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .feature-news { grid-column: auto; }
    .feature-news .news-image, .news-image { height: 230px; min-height: 0; }
    .pi-modern-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 48px; }
    .pi-photo-wrap { max-width: 390px; margin: 0 auto; }
    .research-hover-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .research-hover-card { height: 430px; }
    .research-card-copy { transform: translateY(0); }
    .research-card-copy p, .research-card-copy span { opacity: 1; }
    .featured-pub { grid-template-columns: 55px 1fr 24px; gap: 12px; min-height: 135px; }
    .featured-pub h3 { font-size: 19px; }
    .student-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 16px; row-gap: 36px; }
    .student-card h3 { font-size: 14px; }
    .join-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 40px; }
    .join-grid h2 { font-size: 54px; }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
    html.js-enabled body,
    html.js-enabled body.page-ready,
    html.js-enabled body.page-leaving { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
    .js-enabled .reveal { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
    .js-enabled .home-page:not(.inner-page) .reveal * { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
    *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: .01ms !important; transition-duration: .01ms !important; }
}

/* Homepage narrative order */
.home-page:not(.inner-page) main { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.home-page:not(.inner-page) .mission-hero { order: 1; }
.home-page:not(.inner-page) #research-areas { order: 2; }
.home-page:not(.inner-page) #latest-news { order: 3; }
.home-page:not(.inner-page) #featured-publications { order: 4; }
.home-page:not(.inner-page) #students { order: 5; }
.home-page:not(.inner-page) #join { order: 6; }

.research-standalone { padding-top: clamp(90px, 8vw, 125px); }
.people-entry { padding-top: clamp(90px, 8vw, 125px); }

/* Text-only news and image-led featured publications */
.news-text-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.news-text-item { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 88px 1fr 42px; gap: 34px; align-items: center; padding: 35px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); transition: padding .25s ease, background .25s ease; }
.news-text-item:hover { padding-right: 22px; padding-left: 22px; background: #fff; }
.news-date { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .1em; line-height: 1.45; text-transform: uppercase; }
.news-date strong { color: var(--red); font-size: 12px; }
.news-text-item h3 { margin: 0; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: clamp(21px,2.2vw,30px); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.025em; line-height: 1.25; }
.news-text-item div > p:last-child { margin: 12px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; }
.news-text-item > a { justify-self: end; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-size: 23px; transition: transform .25s ease; }
.news-text-item:hover > a { transform: translate(4px,-4px); }
.featured-pub-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr); gap: 22px; }
.featured-pub-card { display: block; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.featured-pub-image { height: 285px; padding: 20px; overflow: hidden; background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid #e3e3df; }
.featured-pub-image img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; transition: transform .45s ease; }
.featured-pub-card:hover img { transform: scale(1.04); }
.featured-pub-card > p { margin: 20px 0 10px; color: var(--red); font-size: 9px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .13em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.featured-pub-card h3 { margin: 0 0 17px; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; }
.featured-pub-card > span { color: var(--ink); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }

/* Shared inner pages */
.inner-page { background: #fff; }
.inner-hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; padding: clamp(90px,10vw,155px) 0; background: var(--navy); color: #fff; }
.inner-hero::after { content:""; position:absolute; width:600px; height:600px; right:-220px; top:-290px; border-radius:50%; background:radial-gradient(circle,rgba(159,39,42,.32),transparent 68%); }
.inner-hero-grid { position:relative; z-index:1; display:grid; grid-template-columns:1.08fr .92fr; gap:clamp(55px,8vw,120px); align-items:center; }
.inner-hero h1 { margin:0; color:#fff; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:clamp(58px,7vw,105px); font-weight:400; letter-spacing:-.055em; line-height:.94; }
.inner-hero h1 em { color:var(--yellow); font-style:normal; }
.inner-hero-grid > div:first-child > p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width:700px; margin:30px 0 0; color:#c8d1d8; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:19px; line-height:1.7; }
.inner-hero-grid .button { margin-top:32px; }
.inner-hero-visual { position:relative; min-height:460px; padding:22px; background:#fff; transform:rotate(2deg); box-shadow:0 28px 70px rgba(0,0,0,.3); }
.inner-hero-visual img { width:100%; height:100%; max-height:420px; object-fit:contain; }
.inner-hero-visual span { position:absolute; right:18px; bottom:18px; padding:9px 11px; background:var(--yellow); color:var(--ink); font-size:9px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.1em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.inner-section-note { max-width:490px; margin:0; color:var(--muted); font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:14px; line-height:1.7; }

.team-hero-placeholder { position:relative; min-height:470px; display:flex; flex-direction:column; justify-content:flex-end; padding:38px; overflow:hidden; background:linear-gradient(145deg,#e2e6e8,#99a7b1); color:var(--ink); }
.team-hero-placeholder::before { content:""; position:absolute; width:76%; aspect-ratio:1; top:-20%; right:-15%; border-radius:50%; background:rgba(255,255,255,.38); }
.team-hero-placeholder span { position:absolute; top:20px; right:20px; padding:8px 10px; background:var(--navy); color:#fff; font-size:8px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.1em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.team-hero-placeholder strong { position:relative; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:50px; font-weight:400; line-height:1; }
.team-hero-placeholder small { position:relative; max-width:280px; margin-top:14px; font-size:11px; line-height:1.55; }
.people-pi-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:minmax(300px,.75fr) 1.25fr; gap:clamp(55px,8vw,130px); align-items:center; }
.people-full-grid { grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr); }
.values-section { background:var(--navy); color:#fff; }
.values-section h2 { color:#fff; }
.value-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr); gap:1px; background:rgba(255,255,255,.15); }
.value-grid article { min-height:310px; padding:38px; background:var(--navy); }
.value-grid span,.theme-grid span,.pathway-grid span { color:var(--yellow); font-size:10px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.12em; }
.value-grid h3,.theme-grid h3,.pathway-grid h3 { margin:70px 0 17px; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:31px; font-weight:400; }
.value-grid p,.theme-grid p,.pathway-grid p { margin:0; color:#aebbc5; font-size:13px; line-height:1.7; }

.research-directory { background:var(--paper); }
.research-directory-list { border-top:1px solid var(--line); }
.research-directory-list > a { display:grid; grid-template-columns:55px 1fr 260px 40px; gap:30px; align-items:center; min-height:240px; padding:25px 8px; border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); color:var(--ink); text-decoration:none; transition:background .3s ease,padding .3s ease; }
.research-directory-list > a:hover { padding-right:20px; padding-left:20px; background:#fff; }
.research-directory-list > a > span { align-self:start; padding-top:18px; color:var(--red); font-size:11px; font-weight:900; }
.research-directory-list p { margin:0 0 10px; color:var(--red); font-size:9px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.12em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.research-directory-list h3 { margin:0 0 12px; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:clamp(35px,4vw,55px); font-weight:400; letter-spacing:-.035em; }
.research-directory-list small { color:var(--muted); font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:14px; }
.research-directory-list figure { height:190px; margin:0; padding:10px; overflow:hidden; background:#fff; }
.research-directory-list figure img { width:100%; height:100%; object-fit:contain; transition:transform .4s ease; }
.research-directory-list a:hover img { transform:scale(1.04); }
.research-directory-list b { justify-self:end; font-size:22px; }
.research-method-strip { padding:80px 0; background:var(--red); color:#fff; }
.method-steps { display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:space-between; gap:25px; }
.method-steps span { font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:clamp(24px,3vw,42px); }
.method-steps i { color:var(--yellow); font-size:25px; font-style:normal; }

/* Research detail pages */
.detail-hero { padding:clamp(75px,8vw,125px) 0; background:var(--navy); color:#fff; }
.detail-hero-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr .9fr; gap:clamp(55px,8vw,120px); align-items:center; }
.back-link { display:inline-block; margin-bottom:70px; color:#b9c5ce; text-decoration:none; font-size:10px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.1em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.detail-hero h1 { margin:0; color:#fff; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:clamp(65px,8vw,120px); font-weight:400; letter-spacing:-.06em; line-height:.9; }
.detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width:650px; margin:30px 0 0; color:#c5d0d8; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:19px; line-height:1.7; }
.detail-hero figure { position:relative; min-height:530px; margin:0; padding:24px; background:#fff; transform:rotate(1.5deg); }
.detail-hero figure img { width:100%; height:100%; max-height:500px; object-fit:contain; }
.detail-hero figcaption { position:absolute; right:18px; bottom:18px; padding:8px 10px; background:var(--yellow); color:var(--ink); font-size:8px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.08em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.detail-intro-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:.9fr 1.1fr; gap:clamp(55px,9vw,140px); }
.detail-intro-grid h2 { margin:0; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:clamp(43px,5vw,70px); font-weight:400; letter-spacing:-.04em; line-height:1.05; }
.detail-intro-grid .detail-lead { margin:0 0 25px; color:#253746; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:24px; line-height:1.55; }
.detail-intro-grid div:last-child > p:last-child { color:var(--muted); font-size:14px; line-height:1.8; }
.detail-themes { background:var(--paper); }
.theme-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr); gap:18px; }
.theme-grid article { min-height:310px; padding:36px; background:var(--navy); color:#fff; }
.selected-work-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr); gap:24px; }
.selected-work-grid a { color:var(--ink); text-decoration:none; }
.selected-work-grid img { width:100%; height:360px; padding:22px; object-fit:contain; background:var(--paper); border:1px solid #e0e2df; }
.selected-work-grid p { margin:20px 0 10px; color:var(--red); font-size:9px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.12em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.selected-work-grid h3 { margin:0 0 17px; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:26px; font-weight:400; line-height:1.3; }
.selected-work-grid span { font-size:10px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.08em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.research-next { background:var(--red); color:#fff; }
.research-next .site-container { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; }
.research-next a { min-height:180px; display:flex; flex-direction:column; justify-content:center; padding:30px 0; color:#fff; text-decoration:none; }
.research-next a:last-child { align-items:flex-end; border-left:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25); }
.research-next small { color:#ffdede; font-size:9px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.1em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.research-next strong { margin-top:12px; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:25px; font-weight:400; }

/* Publications */
.publication-count { display:flex; flex-direction:column; align-items:flex-start; padding:50px; border-left:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2); }
.publication-count strong { color:var(--yellow); font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:130px; font-weight:400; line-height:.85; }
.publication-count span { margin-top:25px; color:#c4ced5; font-size:12px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.08em; line-height:1.6; text-transform:uppercase; }
.publication-count a { margin-top:30px; color:#fff; font-size:10px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.09em; text-decoration:none; text-transform:uppercase; }
.featured-publications-page { background:var(--paper); }
.modern-publication-list { border-top:1px solid var(--line); }
.publication-year-block { border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); }
.publication-year-heading { width:100%; display:grid; grid-template-columns:120px 1fr 35px; align-items:center; padding:29px 8px; border:0; background:transparent; color:var(--ink); cursor:pointer; text-align:left; }
.publication-year-heading span { font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:36px; }
.publication-year-heading small { color:var(--muted); font-size:10px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.1em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.publication-year-heading b { justify-self:end; font-size:20px; font-weight:400; }
.publication-year-items { padding:0 0 25px 120px; }
.modern-publication-item { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 30px; gap:20px; padding:22px 8px; border-top:1px solid #e9e9e6; color:var(--ink); text-decoration:none; }
.modern-publication-item p { margin:0 0 7px; color:var(--red); font-size:8px; font-weight:900; letter-spacing:.1em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.modern-publication-item h3 { margin:0; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:19px; font-weight:400; line-height:1.35; }
.modern-publication-item > span { justify-self:end; transition:transform .2s ease; }
.modern-publication-item:hover > span { transform:translate(3px,-3px); }

/* Join page */
.join-essential { padding: 48px 0 56px; }
.join-essential h1 { margin: 0 0 20px; font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 52px); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.04em; line-height: 1.1; }
.join-essential-intro { max-width: 960px; margin: 0 0 32px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.65; }
.join-essential-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .85fr 1.15fr; gap: 48px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 28px; }
.join-essential-grid h2 { margin: 0 0 18px; font-size: 25px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.join-essential-grid p, .join-essential-grid li { color: var(--muted); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.65; }
.join-essential-grid p { margin: 0 0 16px; }
.join-essential-grid ul { margin: 0 0 24px; padding-left: 20px; }
.join-essential-grid li + li { margin-top: 8px; }
.join-essential-email { display: block; width: fit-content; margin-top: 12px; color: var(--red); font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; }
.join-essential-email:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
@media (max-width: 760px) {
    .join-essential { padding: 32px 0 40px; }
    .join-essential-intro { font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 24px; }
    .join-essential-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; padding-top: 24px; }
    .join-essential-grid h2 { font-size: 22px; margin-bottom: 14px; }
}
.join-photo-placeholder { background:linear-gradient(145deg,#ffe98b,var(--yellow)); }
.join-pathways { background:var(--paper); }
.pathway-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr); gap:18px; }
.pathway-grid article { min-height:270px; padding:36px; background:#fff; border:1px solid #e1e2df; }
.pathway-grid h3 { margin-top:55px; color:var(--ink); }
.pathway-grid p { color:var(--muted); }
.application-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:.85fr 1.15fr; gap:clamp(60px,9vw,145px); }
.application-grid h2,.contact-panel h2 { margin:0; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:clamp(45px,5vw,72px); font-weight:400; letter-spacing:-.04em; line-height:1.05; }
.application-grid > div > p:last-child { color:var(--muted); font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:17px; line-height:1.7; }
.application-grid ol { margin:0; padding:0; list-style:none; border-top:1px solid var(--line); }
.application-grid li { display:grid; grid-template-columns:50px 1fr; gap:25px; padding:27px 0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); }
.application-grid li > span { color:var(--red); font-size:10px; font-weight:900; }
.application-grid li h3 { margin:0 0 8px; font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:23px; font-weight:400; }
.application-grid li p { margin:0; color:var(--muted); font-size:13px; line-height:1.6; }
.contact-panel { padding:95px 0; background:var(--red); color:#fff; }
.contact-panel-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr .8fr; gap:90px; align-items:center; }
.contact-panel h2 { color:#fff; }
.contact-panel-grid > div:last-child a { color:var(--yellow); font-family:Georgia,serif; font-size:28px; text-decoration:none; }
.contact-panel-grid > div:last-child p { color:#ffd9d9; font-size:13px; line-height:1.7; }

@media(max-width:1050px){
    .featured-pub-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
    .featured-pub-grid .featured-pub-card:last-child{grid-column:span 2;max-width:50%}
    .inner-hero-grid,.detail-hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.inner-hero-visual,.team-hero-placeholder{width:min(700px,100%)}
    .people-full-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
    .research-directory-list>a{grid-template-columns:50px 1fr 200px 25px}
}
@media(max-width:760px){
    .news-text-item{grid-template-columns:52px 1fr 22px;gap:12px;padding:27px 3px}.news-text-item h3{font-size:19px}.news-text-item div>p:last-child{font-size:12px}
    .featured-pub-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.featured-pub-grid .featured-pub-card:last-child{grid-column:auto;max-width:none}.featured-pub-image{height:240px}
    .inner-hero{padding:75px 0}.inner-hero h1{font-size:56px}.inner-hero-grid{gap:55px}.team-hero-placeholder{min-height:380px}.inner-hero-visual{min-height:360px}
    .people-pi-grid,.detail-intro-grid,.application-grid,.contact-panel-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:48px}
    .people-full-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.value-grid,.theme-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.value-grid article,.theme-grid article{min-height:240px}.value-grid h3,.theme-grid h3{margin-top:45px}
    .research-directory-list>a{grid-template-columns:35px 1fr 22px;gap:12px;padding:26px 3px}.research-directory-list figure{display:none}.research-directory-list h3{font-size:36px}.research-directory-list small{font-size:12px}
    .method-steps{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column}.method-steps i{transform:rotate(90deg)}
    .detail-hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:50px}.back-link{margin-bottom:50px}.detail-hero h1{font-size:58px}.detail-hero figure{min-height:360px}.detail-hero figure img{max-height:340px}.detail-intro-grid .detail-lead{font-size:20px}
    .selected-work-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.selected-work-grid img{height:280px}.research-next strong{font-size:17px}.research-next a:last-child{text-align:right}
    .publication-count{padding:35px 0;border:0}.publication-count strong{font-size:100px}.publication-year-heading{grid-template-columns:85px 1fr 25px}.publication-year-heading span{font-size:30px}.publication-year-items{padding-left:0}.modern-publication-item h3{font-size:17px}
    .pathway-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pathway-grid article{min-height:230px}.contact-panel-grid>div:last-child a{font-size:21px}
}

/* Compact emphasis bands */
.mission-hero,
.hero-grid {
    min-height: clamp(500px, 62vh, 640px);
}
.hero-grid { padding-top: 44px; padding-bottom: 58px; }
.hero-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(40px, 4vw, 60px); line-height: 1.02; }
.hero-intro { margin-top: 20px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.55; }
.hero-actions { margin-top: 25px; }
.hero-pillars { margin-top: 26px; }
.hero-visual { min-height: 420px; }

.inner-hero { padding: clamp(44px, 5vw, 68px) 0; }
.inner-hero-grid { gap: clamp(38px, 5vw, 72px); }
.inner-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(46px, 5vw, 72px); line-height: .98; }
.inner-hero-grid > div:first-child > p:not(.eyebrow) { margin-top: 20px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.55; }
.inner-hero-grid .button { margin-top: 22px; }
.inner-hero-visual { min-height: 280px; padding: 16px; }
.inner-hero-visual img { max-height: 250px; }
.team-hero-placeholder { min-height: 280px; }
.team-hero-placeholder strong { font-size: 38px; }
.publication-count { padding: 26px 34px; }
.publication-count strong { font-size: 86px; }
.publication-count span { margin-top: 14px; }
.publication-count a { margin-top: 18px; }

.detail-hero { padding: clamp(38px, 4.5vw, 58px) 0; }
.detail-hero-grid { gap: clamp(38px, 5vw, 72px); }
.back-link { margin-bottom: 30px; }
.detail-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(48px, 5.8vw, 78px); line-height: .95; }
.detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) { margin-top: 20px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.55; }
.detail-hero figure { min-height: 310px; padding: 16px; }
.detail-hero figure img { max-height: 280px; }

.join-banner { padding: clamp(16px, 1.8vw, 22px) 0; }
.join-grid { gap: clamp(24px, 4vw, 48px); }
.join-banner .eyebrow,.contact-panel .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 8px; }
.join-grid h2 { font-size: clamp(32px, 3.4vw, 42px); line-height: 1.02; }
.join-grid > div:last-child p { margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.4; }
.join-banner .button { min-height: 38px; padding-right:18px; padding-left:18px; }
.contact-panel { padding: 20px 0; }
.contact-panel-grid { gap: 55px; }
.contact-panel h2 { font-size: clamp(32px, 3.4vw, 42px); }
.research-next a { min-height: 100px; padding: 18px 0; }
.research-next strong { margin-top: 7px; font-size: 19px; }

@media(max-width:1050px){
    .hero-grid { padding-top: 50px; }
    .inner-hero-visual,.team-hero-placeholder { width:min(520px,100%); }
}

@media(max-width:760px){
    .mission-hero,.hero-grid { min-height:auto; }
    .hero-grid { padding-top:32px; padding-bottom:36px; gap:24px; }
    .hero-copy h1 { font-size:clamp(34px,10vw,42px); }
    .hero-intro { font-size:14px; }
    .hero-actions { flex-direction:row; align-items:center; gap:16px; margin-top:18px; }
    .hero-actions .button { min-height:42px; padding:0 14px; font-size:9px; }
    .hero-pillars { display:none; }
    .hero-visual { min-height:230px; }
    .inner-hero { padding:30px 0; }
    .inner-hero h1 { font-size:36px; }
    .inner-hero-grid { gap:20px; }
    .inner-hero-grid > div:first-child > p:not(.eyebrow) { font-size:14px; }
    .inner-hero-visual,.team-hero-placeholder { min-height:190px; }
    .team-hero-placeholder strong { font-size:30px; }
    .detail-hero { padding:30px 0; }
    .detail-hero-grid { gap:24px; }
    .back-link { margin-bottom:22px; }
    .detail-hero h1 { font-size:38px; }
    .detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) { font-size:14px; }
    .detail-hero figure { min-height:220px; }
    .detail-hero figure img { max-height:190px; }
    .join-banner { padding:12px 0; }
    .join-grid { gap:14px; }
    .join-grid h2 { font-size:30px; }
    .join-grid > div:last-child p { font-size:13px; }
    .contact-panel { padding:14px 0; }
    .contact-panel-grid { gap:14px; }
    .contact-panel h2 { font-size:30px; }
}

/* Homepage colour rhythm: dark mission, light research, soft-grey news. */
.home-page:not(.inner-page) #research-areas {
    background: #fff;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.home-page:not(.inner-page) #research-areas .section-heading-row h2 {
    color: var(--ink);
}

.home-page:not(.inner-page) #research-areas .eyebrow.light {
    color: var(--red);
}

.home-page:not(.inner-page) #research-areas .section-heading-copy {
    color: var(--muted);
}

.home-page:not(.inner-page) #research-areas .research-hover-card {
    box-shadow: 0 14px 34px rgba(17,24,39,.08);
}

/* Shorter research-detail pages with a complete first-screen introduction. */
.research-detail-page .detail-hero {
    padding: 24px 0;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero-grid {
    gap: clamp(28px, 4vw, 52px);
}

.research-detail-page .back-link {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(42px, 4.8vw, 62px);
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) {
    max-width: 580px;
    margin-top: 14px;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.45;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero figure {
    min-height: 220px;
    padding: 12px;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero figure img {
    max-height: 195px;
}

.research-detail-page .section-block {
    padding: 68px 0;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid {
    gap: clamp(40px, 6vw, 82px);
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid h2 {
    font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 52px);
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid .detail-lead {
    font-size: 19px;
    line-height: 1.45;
}

.research-detail-page .theme-grid article {
    min-height: 225px;
    padding: 28px;
}

.research-detail-page .theme-grid h3 {
    margin-top: 34px;
    font-size: 25px;
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work-grid img {
    height: 245px;
    padding: 16px;
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work-grid h3 {
    font-size: 21px;
}

@media (max-width:760px) {
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero { padding:20px 0; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero-grid { gap:16px; }
    .research-detail-page .back-link { margin-bottom:14px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero h1 { font-size:34px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) { margin-top:10px; font-size:13px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero figure { min-height:150px; padding:10px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero figure img { max-height:130px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero figcaption { right:10px; bottom:10px; padding:6px 8px; }
    .research-detail-page .section-block { padding:52px 0; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid { gap:28px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid h2 { font-size:34px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid .detail-lead { font-size:17px; }
    .research-detail-page .theme-grid article { min-height:190px; padding:24px; }
    .research-detail-page .selected-work-grid img { height:210px; }
}

/* Research overview: a single, viewport-scaled directory matching the homepage. */
.inner-page .research-standalone {
    min-height: calc(100vh - 82px);
    min-height: calc(100svh - 82px);
    padding: 28px 0 56px;
    background: #fff;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.inner-page .research-standalone .section-heading-row {
    margin-bottom: 42px;
}

.inner-page .research-standalone .section-heading-row h1 {
    color: var(--ink);
    font-size: clamp(48px, 5vw, 72px);
}

.inner-page .research-standalone .section-heading-copy {
    color: var(--muted);
}

.inner-page .research-standalone .research-hover-card {
    height: clamp(390px, calc(100svh - 315px), 800px);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 34px rgba(17,24,39,.08);
}

@media (max-width:760px) {
    .inner-page .research-standalone {
        min-height: auto;
        padding: 42px 0 54px;
    }
    .inner-page .research-standalone .section-heading-row { margin-bottom:32px; }
    .inner-page .research-standalone .section-heading-row h1 { font-size:42px; }
    .inner-page .research-standalone .research-hover-card { height:430px; }
}

/* One-screen research detail layout (legacy) */
body.research-detail-page {
    height: 100vh;
    height: 100svh;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    overflow: hidden;
}

html.js-enabled body.research-detail-page,
html.js-enabled body.research-detail-page.page-ready,
html.js-enabled body.research-detail-page.page-leaving {
    transform: none;
}

.research-detail-page .site-header { flex: 0 0 auto; }

.research-detail-page main {
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    min-height: 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: .9fr 1.1fr .95fr;
    grid-template-rows: minmax(190px,.78fr) minmax(235px,1.22fr) 70px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: #fff;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    grid-row: 1;
    min-height: 0;
    padding: 14px 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero .site-container {
    height: 100%;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1.2fr .8fr;
    gap: 34px;
    height: 100%;
}

.research-detail-page .back-link {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-size: 8px;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero .eyebrow {
    margin-bottom: 7px;
    font-size: 8px;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(34px, 4vw, 50px);
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) {
    max-width: 680px;
    margin-top: 8px;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero figure {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 0;
    max-height: 190px;
    padding: 9px;
    transform: none;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero figure img {
    max-height: 168px;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero + .section-block,
.research-detail-page .detail-themes,
.research-detail-page .selected-work {
    min-height: 0;
    padding: 20px 24px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero + .section-block {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: 2;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.research-detail-page .detail-themes {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 2;
    background: var(--paper);
    border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work {
    grid-column: 3;
    grid-row: 2;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-hero + .section-block .site-container,
.research-detail-page .detail-themes .site-container,
.research-detail-page .selected-work .site-container {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid {
    display: block;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid .eyebrow,
.research-detail-page .detail-themes .eyebrow,
.research-detail-page .selected-work .eyebrow {
    margin-bottom: 7px;
    font-size: 8px;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid h2,
.research-detail-page .detail-themes .section-heading-row h2,
.research-detail-page .selected-work .section-heading-row h2 {
    font-size: clamp(22px, 2.1vw, 30px);
    line-height: 1.05;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid > div:last-child {
    margin-top: 16px;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid .detail-lead {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid div:last-child > p:last-child {
    font-size: 11px;
    line-height: 1.45;
}

.research-detail-page .detail-themes .section-heading-row,
.research-detail-page .selected-work .section-heading-row {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.research-detail-page .theme-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 6px;
}

.research-detail-page .theme-grid article {
    min-height: 0;
    padding: 7px 11px;
}

.research-detail-page .theme-grid h3 {
    margin: 2px 0;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.research-detail-page .theme-grid p {
    font-size: 9px;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0;
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work-grid a {
    padding: 9px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work-grid img {
    display: none;
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work-grid p {
    margin: 0 0 5px;
    font-size: 7px;
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work-grid h3 {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.25;
}

.research-detail-page .selected-work-grid span {
    font-size: 8px;
}

.research-detail-page .research-next {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    grid-row: 3;
}

.research-detail-page .research-next a {
    min-height: 70px;
    padding: 10px 0;
}

.research-detail-page .research-next strong {
    margin-top: 4px;
    font-size: 16px;
}

.research-detail-page > .modern-footer {
    display: none;
}

@media (max-width:760px) {
    .research-detail-page main {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        grid-template-rows: 190px 104px 142px minmax(100px,1fr) 54px;
    }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero {
        grid-column: 1;
        padding: 10px 0;
    }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 105px;
        gap: 12px;
    }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero h1 { font-size:29px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) { font-size:10px; line-height:1.25; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero figure { max-height:115px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero figure img { max-height:95px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero figcaption { display:none; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero + .section-block,
    .research-detail-page .detail-themes,
    .research-detail-page .selected-work { padding:10px 18px; border-right:0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero + .section-block { grid-column:1; grid-row:2; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-themes { grid-column:1; grid-row:3; }
    .research-detail-page .selected-work { grid-column:1; grid-row:4; }
    .research-detail-page .research-next { grid-column:1; grid-row:5; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:.8fr 1.2fr; gap:14px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid > div:last-child { margin-top:0; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid h2,
    .research-detail-page .detail-themes .section-heading-row h2,
    .research-detail-page .selected-work .section-heading-row h2 { font-size:18px; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid .detail-lead { margin:0; font-size:11px; line-height:1.3; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-intro-grid div:last-child > p:last-child { display:none; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-themes .section-heading-row,
    .research-detail-page .selected-work .section-heading-row { margin-bottom:6px; }
    .research-detail-page .theme-grid { grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr); gap:5px; }
    .research-detail-page .theme-grid article { padding:7px; }
    .research-detail-page .theme-grid h3 { margin:2px 0 0; font-size:11px; line-height:1.15; }
    .research-detail-page .theme-grid p { display:none; }
    .research-detail-page .selected-work-grid { grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr); gap:10px; }
    .research-detail-page .selected-work-grid a { padding:5px 0; }
    .research-detail-page .selected-work-grid h3 { font-size:10px; line-height:1.18; }
    .research-detail-page .selected-work-grid span { display:none; }
    .research-detail-page .research-next a { min-height:54px; }
    .research-detail-page .research-next strong { font-size:12px; }
}

/* Team portraits and hover biographies */
.member-card {
    min-width: 0;
    outline: none;
}

.member-photo {
    position: relative;
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: #dfe3e5;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(17,24,39,.08);
}

.member-photo::after {
    content: "View research focus";
    position: absolute;
    right: 12px;
    bottom: 12px;
    padding: 7px 9px;
    background: rgba(8,20,31,.9);
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 7px;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: .1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    transition: opacity .25s ease;
}

.member-photo > img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center 22%;
    transition: transform .55s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1), filter .35s ease;
}

.member-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    padding: 24px;
    overflow-y: auto;
    background: rgba(8,20,31,.94);
    color: #fff;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(18px);
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity .35s ease, transform .4s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1);
}

.member-overlay .member-kicker {
    margin: 0 0 9px;
    color: var(--yellow);
    font-size: 8px;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: .13em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.member-overlay .member-description {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    margin: 0;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

.member-card:hover .member-photo > img,
.member-card:focus .member-photo > img,
.member-card:focus-within .member-photo > img {
    transform: scale(1.035);
    filter: saturate(.75);
}

.member-card:hover .member-overlay,
.member-card:focus .member-overlay,
.member-card:focus-within .member-overlay {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
    pointer-events: auto;
}

.member-card:hover .member-photo::after,
.member-card:focus .member-photo::after,
.member-card:focus-within .member-photo::after {
    opacity: 0;
}

.member-card h3 {
    margin-top: 16px;
}

.member-card .member-role {
    color: var(--red);
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: .08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

@media (hover:none) {
    .member-photo::after { content:"Tap for research focus"; }
}

@media (max-width:760px) {
    .member-overlay { padding:14px; }
    .member-overlay .member-description { font-size:10px; line-height:1.4; }
    .member-overlay .member-kicker { margin-bottom:6px; font-size:7px; }
    .member-photo::after { right:8px; bottom:8px; padding:6px 7px; font-size:6px; }
    .member-card h3 { margin-top:12px; }
}

/* Shared page refinements. */
.hero-cover-visual {
    min-height: 0;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    padding-bottom: 24px;
}
.hero-cover-figure {
    width: min(100%, 350px);
    margin: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 3px;
    box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
}
.hero-cover-figure img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}
.hero-cover-visual .hero-note {
    bottom: 0;
    right: 0;
    width: min(72%, 300px);
    padding: 16px 20px;
    transform: none;
}
.people-pi-grid.people-pi-text-only {
    display: block;
    max-width: 1000px;
}
.people-pi-text-only .pi-copy {
    max-width: 800px;
}
.featured-publications-page .section-heading-row h1 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: clamp(32px, 4vw, 58px);
    line-height: 1.1;
    letter-spacing: -.04em;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
    .hero-cover-figure { width: min(100%, 270px); }
    .hero-cover-visual .hero-note { right: 2%; padding: 12px 16px; }
}
@media (min-width:1101px) {
    .home-page:not(.inner-page) #students .student-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
        gap: 18px;
    }
}

/* Edge-to-edge artwork that blends into the dark introduction bands. */
/* Larger navigation and tighter spacing for the updated homepage. */
.nav-shell { min-height: 74px; gap: 22px; }
.main-nav { gap: 21px; }
.main-nav a { font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .055em; padding: 25px 0; white-space: nowrap; }
.main-nav a::after { bottom: 18px; }
.home-page:not(.inner-page) .section-block { padding: clamp(46px, 5vw, 72px) 0; }
.home-page:not(.inner-page) .section-heading-row { margin-bottom: 28px; }
.mission-hero .hero-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(36px, 3.5vw, 56px); line-height: 1.08; text-wrap: balance; overflow-wrap: break-word; }
.mission-hero .hero-grid { padding-top: 38px; padding-bottom: 38px; }
.hero-actions { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; }
.hero-actions .button { padding: 0 17px; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .055em; min-height: 46px; }
.button-light-outline { border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.5); background: rgba(8,20,31,.25); color: #fff; }
.button-light-outline:hover { background: #fff; color: var(--ink); }
.featured-pub-image { padding: 0; border: 0; background: transparent; box-shadow: none; }
.featured-pub-image img { display: block; }
.pi-spotlight { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(180px, 250px) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: clamp(28px, 4vw, 60px); align-items: center; margin-bottom: 48px; }
.pi-spotlight-photo { width: 100%; margin: 0; aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; overflow: hidden; }
.pi-spotlight-photo img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 25%; }
.pi-spotlight .pi-copy h1, .pi-spotlight .pi-copy h2 { font-size: clamp(30px, 3.2vw, 44px); line-height: 1.12; }
.pi-spotlight .pi-copy .pi-lead { margin: 15px 0; font-size: 18px; }
.pi-spotlight .pi-copy > p:not(.eyebrow):not(.pi-lead) { line-height: 1.65; font-size: 15px; max-width: 760px; }
#students .pi-spotlight .pi-copy,
.people-entry .pi-spotlight .pi-copy { width: 100%; max-width: none; min-width: 0; }
#students .pi-spotlight .pi-copy > p:not(.eyebrow):not(.pi-lead),
.people-entry .pi-spotlight .pi-copy > p:not(.eyebrow):not(.pi-lead) { max-width: none; }
@media (min-width: 761px) {
    #students .pi-spotlight,
    .people-entry .pi-spotlight { gap: clamp(28px, 3vw, 44px); }
    #students .pi-spotlight .pi-copy .pi-lead,
    .people-entry .pi-spotlight .pi-copy .pi-lead { font-size: clamp(18px, 1.6vw, 21px); }
    #students .pi-spotlight .pi-copy > p:not(.eyebrow):not(.pi-lead),
    .people-entry .pi-spotlight .pi-copy > p:not(.eyebrow):not(.pi-lead) { font-size: clamp(16px, 1.35vw, 18px); }
}
.people-entry { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 38px; }
.people-entry .pi-spotlight { margin-bottom: 0; }
.news-entry { padding-top: 48px; }
.news-entry .section-heading-row h1 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 56px); line-height: 1.12; letter-spacing: -.04em; }
.news-text-item { padding: 24px 0; gap: 24px; }
.news-text-item .news-sentence { margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-sans, inherit); font-size: clamp(16px, 1.4vw, 19px); line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ink); }
.news-text-item h3 { font-size: clamp(20px, 2vw, 26px); line-height: 1.25; }
.news-text-item .card-meta { margin: 0 0 10px; color: var(--red); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
@media (max-width: 1100px) and (min-width: 761px) {
    .nav-shell { flex-wrap: wrap; padding: 13px 0 0; gap: 7px; }
    .main-nav { width: 100%; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; }
    .main-nav a { padding: 12px 0 17px; }
    .main-nav a::after { bottom: 10px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
    .main-nav { gap: 20px; }
    .main-nav a { font-size: 12px; padding: 10px 0 12px; }
    .main-nav a::after { bottom: 7px; }
    .mission-hero .hero-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(32px, 8.5vw, 44px); }
    .mission-hero .hero-grid { padding-top: 32px; padding-bottom: 32px; }
    .hero-actions { flex-direction: row; align-items: center; gap: 10px; }
    .hero-actions .button { min-height: 42px; padding: 0 12px; font-size: 9px; }
    .pi-spotlight { grid-template-columns: 120px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 20px; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 32px; }
    .pi-spotlight .pi-copy h1, .pi-spotlight .pi-copy h2 { font-size: 26px; }
    .pi-spotlight .pi-copy .pi-lead { font-size: 14px; }
    .pi-spotlight .pi-copy > p:not(.eyebrow):not(.pi-lead) { font-size: 13px; }
    .news-text-item { grid-template-columns: 55px minmax(0,1fr) 22px; gap: 12px; padding: 22px 0; }
    .news-text-item h3 { font-size: 19px; }
    .home-page:not(.inner-page) .section-block { padding: 38px 0; }
}
.mission-hero .hero-grid {
    position: static;
    z-index: auto;
}
.mission-hero .hero-copy {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}
.mission-hero .hero-cover-visual {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0 0 0 auto;
    width: 58%;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 0;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    display: block;
    z-index: 1;
}
.mission-hero .hero-cover-figure {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
    background: none;
}
.mission-hero .hero-cover-figure img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center 48%;
}
.mission-hero .hero-cover-figure::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--navy) 0%, rgba(8,20,31,.92) 15%, rgba(8,20,31,.48) 38%, rgba(8,20,31,.06) 70%), linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(8,20,31,.3), transparent 45%);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.mission-hero .hero-cover-visual .hero-note {
    z-index: 2;
    right: clamp(30px, 4vw, 80px);
    bottom: 36px;
}
.mission-hero .scroll-cue { z-index: 3; }

.research-detail-page .detail-hero {
    position: relative;
    isolation: isolate;
}
.research-detail-page .detail-hero-grid {
    position: static;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}
.research-detail-page .detail-hero-grid > div:first-child {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    width: 61%;
}
.research-detail-page .detail-hero figure {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0 0 0 auto;
    z-index: 0;
    width: 48%;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 0;
    max-height: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    background: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    transform: none;
}
.research-detail-page .detail-hero figure img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    max-height: none;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center 48%;
}
.research-detail-page .detail-hero figure::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--navy) 0%, rgba(8,20,31,.88) 18%, rgba(8,20,31,.35) 50%, rgba(8,20,31,.04) 85%);
    pointer-events: none;
}
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
    .mission-hero .hero-grid { display: block; }
    .mission-hero .hero-copy { width: 65%; }
    .mission-hero .hero-cover-visual .hero-note { width: 220px; right: 24px; bottom: 24px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
    .mission-hero .hero-copy { width: 100%; }
    .mission-hero .hero-cover-visual { width: 100%; }
    .mission-hero .hero-cover-figure::after {
        background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(8,20,31,.96), rgba(8,20,31,.8) 55%, rgba(8,20,31,.5)), linear-gradient(0deg, var(--navy), transparent 60%);
    }
    .mission-hero .hero-cover-visual .hero-note { display: none; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero-grid > div:first-child { width: 77%; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero figure { width: 55%; }
    .research-detail-page .detail-hero figure::after {
        background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--navy), rgba(8,20,31,.82) 38%, rgba(8,20,31,.25));
    }
}

/* Research stories: overview followed by full-width, vertical directions. */
.research-story-page .detail-hero { position: relative; isolation: isolate; padding: 48px 0; min-height: 280px; overflow: hidden; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero-grid { display: block; position: static; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero-grid > div { position: relative; z-index: 2; width: 62%; min-width: 0; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero-summary { margin-top: 24px; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero .detail-hero-summary > p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width: none; margin: 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.7; color: #d4dde3; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero .detail-hero-summary > p.detail-lead { margin: 0 0 16px; color: #d4dde3; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.7; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero-summary > p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.research-story-page .back-link { margin-bottom: 22px; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(42px, 5vw, 66px); line-height: 1.05; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.6; margin-top: 18px; max-width: 650px; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero figure { position: absolute; inset: 0 0 0 auto; width: 48%; height: 100%; min-height: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; transform: none; background: none; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero figure img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; max-height: none; object-fit: cover; object-position: center; }
.research-story-page .detail-hero figure::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--navy), rgba(8,20,31,.88) 18%, rgba(8,20,31,.15) 85%); }
.research-story-page .detail-hero + .section-block { padding: 48px 0; }
.research-story-page .detail-intro-grid { grid-template-columns: .85fr 1.15fr; gap: 48px; }
.research-story-page .detail-intro-grid h2 { font-size: clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px); line-height: 1.15; }
.research-story-page .detail-intro-grid .detail-lead { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.55; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.research-story-page .detail-intro-grid div:last-child > p:last-child { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.7; }
.research-directions { padding: 0 0 48px; background: var(--paper); }
.research-directions-header { padding-bottom: 24px; }
.research-directions-header nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px 28px; }
.research-directions-header nav a { font-size: 14px; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.research-directions-header nav a:hover { color: var(--red); }
.research-direction { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .85fr 1.15fr; gap: 48px; padding: 40px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); scroll-margin-top: 120px; }
.direction-number { display: block; margin-bottom: 16px; color: var(--red); font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .12em; }
.research-direction h2 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(26px, 2.8vw, 36px); font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -.03em; }
.research-direction-copy > p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.75; }
.research-direction-heading > p { margin: 22px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.75; }
.research-direction-copy > .direction-publications { margin-top: 0; }
.direction-figure { margin: 24px 0 0; max-width: 420px; }
.direction-figure > a { display: block; }
.direction-figure img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 280px; object-fit: contain; object-position: left center; border: 0; box-shadow: none; }
.direction-figure figcaption { margin-top: 10px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.5; }
.direction-figure figcaption a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
.direction-figure figcaption a:hover { color: var(--red); }
.direction-figure figcaption span { display: block; margin-top: 3px; }
.direction-publications { margin-top: 26px; padding-left: 18px; border-left: 3px solid var(--yellow); }
.direction-publications h3 { margin: 0 0 12px; font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; color: var(--red); }
.direction-publications a { display: block; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); }
.direction-publications a + a { margin-top: 18px; padding-top: 16px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.direction-publications a span { display: block; margin-bottom: 6px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
.direction-publications a strong { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; font-weight: 500; }
.direction-publications a:hover strong { color: var(--red); }
.research-all-publications { display: inline-block; margin-top: 16px; }
.research-story-page .research-next a { min-height: 86px; padding: 20px 0; }
.research-story-page .research-next strong { font-size: 20px; margin-top: 6px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) {
    .research-story-page .detail-hero { padding: 32px 0; min-height: 260px; }
    .research-story-page .detail-hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; }
    .research-story-page .detail-hero-grid > div { width: 100%; }
    .research-story-page .detail-hero figure { width: 75%; opacity: .6; }
    .research-story-page .detail-hero figure::after { background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--navy), rgba(8,20,31,.8)); }
    .research-story-page .detail-hero div > p:not(.eyebrow) { font-size: 15px; }
    .research-story-page .detail-intro-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; }
    .research-story-page .detail-hero + .section-block { padding: 32px 0; }
    .research-directions { padding-top: 0; }
    .research-direction { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; padding: 30px 0; }
    .research-direction-copy > p { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.65; }
    .research-direction-heading > p { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.65; margin-top: 18px; }
    .direction-figure { margin-top: 18px; max-width: none; }
    .direction-figure img { height: auto; max-height: 320px; object-position: center; }
    .direction-number { margin-bottom: 8px; }
    .research-story-page .research-next strong { font-size: 16px; }
}

/* Phone homepage: one main section per screen, native swipe navigation. */
@media (max-width: 760px) {
    html.mobile-home-snap { scroll-snap-type: y mandatory; scroll-padding-top: var(--mobile-header-height, 110px); }
    .mobile-home-snap body { --mobile-panel-height: calc(100svh - var(--mobile-header-height, 110px)); }
    .mobile-home-snap .site-header { position: sticky; top: 0; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page > main > section {
        box-sizing: border-box; flex: 0 0 auto; min-height: var(--mobile-panel-height);
        padding: 24px 0; scroll-snap-align: start; scroll-snap-stop: always;
        display: flex; align-items: center;
    }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page > main > section > .site-container { width: calc(100% - 36px); }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page > main > section.section-block { padding: 24px 0; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .mission-hero { padding: 24px 0; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .mission-hero .hero-grid { min-height: 0; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .hero-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(30px, 8.2vw, 38px); line-height: 1.08; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .hero-intro { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6; margin-top: 20px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .hero-actions { margin-top: 24px; gap: 10px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .hero-actions .button { font-size: 10px; padding: 0 13px; min-height: 44px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .hero-pillars { margin-top: 22px; gap: 6px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .hero-pillars span { padding: 6px 9px; font-size: 9px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .section-heading-row { margin-bottom: 22px; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .section-heading-row h2 { font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.1; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .section-heading-row .button { min-height: 36px; font-size: 9px; padding: 0 12px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page :is(.research-hover-grid, .featured-pub-grid, .student-grid) {
        display: block; overflow: visible; padding: 0; scroll-snap-type: none;
    }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page > main > section.mobile-card-section { display: block; padding: 0; scroll-snap-align: none; }
    .mobile-home-snap .mobile-card-section > .site-container > .section-heading-row { display: none; }
    .mobile-home-snap .mobile-card-panel {
        min-height: var(--mobile-panel-height); padding: 24px 0; display: flex;
        flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; scroll-snap-align: start; scroll-snap-stop: always;
    }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page :is(.research-hover-card, .featured-pub-card, .student-card) { display: block; min-width: 0; width: 100%; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #research-areas .research-hover-card { height: min(440px, calc(var(--mobile-panel-height) - 150px)); min-height: 240px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .research-card-copy { left: 22px; right: 22px; bottom: 24px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .research-card-copy h3 { font-size: 30px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .research-card-copy p { min-height: 0; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .featured-pub-image { height: min(240px, calc(var(--mobile-panel-height) - 350px)); min-height: 120px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .featured-pub-image img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .featured-pub-card > p { margin: 14px 0 8px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .featured-pub-card h3 { font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 14px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #students .member-photo { width: 100%; height: min(360px, calc(var(--mobile-panel-height) - 270px)); min-height: 160px; aspect-ratio: auto; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #students .member-photo img { object-fit: contain; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #students .student-card h3 { font-size: 20px; margin-top: 12px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #students .member-overlay .member-description { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page :is(#research-areas, #featured-publications, #students) > .site-container::after {
        content: none;
    }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #mobile-leadership { order: 5; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #students { order: 6; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #join { order: 7; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #mobile-leadership .pi-spotlight { display: block; margin: 0; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #mobile-leadership .pi-spotlight-photo { width: 100px; height: 125px; margin: 0 0 16px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #mobile-leadership .pi-copy { width: 100%; max-width: none; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #mobile-leadership .pi-copy h2 { font-size: 27px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #mobile-leadership .pi-copy .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 9px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #mobile-leadership .pi-copy .pi-lead { font-size: 14px; margin: 12px 0; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #mobile-leadership .pi-copy > p:not(.eyebrow):not(.pi-lead) { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .news-text-item { padding: 20px 0; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page .news-text-item .news-sentence { font-size: 16px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #join .join-grid { gap: 24px; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #join h2 { font-size: 36px; line-height: 1.1; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page #join .join-grid p { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.7; }
    .mobile-home-snap .home-page > .modern-footer { min-height: var(--mobile-panel-height); box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; scroll-snap-align: start; scroll-snap-stop: always; }
}